Srimad Bhagavad Gita As It Is, Chapter 2,
Vers 45:
trai-guṇya-viṣayā vedā
nistrai-guṇyo bhavārjuna
nirdvandvo nitya-sattva-stho
niryoga-kṣema ātmavān
SYNONYMS
traiguṇya—pertaining to the three modes of material nature; viṣayāḥ—on the subject matter; vedāḥ—Vedic literatures; nistraiguṇyaḥ—in
a pure state of spiritual existence; bhava—be;
arjuna-O Arjuna; nirdvandvaḥ—free from the pains of opposites; nitya-sattva-sthaḥ—ever remaining in sattva
(goodness); niryoga-kṣemaḥ—free from (the thought of) acquisition and
preservation; ātmavān—established
in the Self.
TRANSLATION
The Vedas mainly deal with the subject of
the three modes of material nature. Rise above these modes, O Arjuna. Be transcendental to all of them. Be free
from all dualities and from all anxieties for gain and safety, and be
established in the Self.
PURPORT
All material activities involve actions and
reactions in the three modes of material nature. They are meant for fruitive
results, which cause bondage in the material world. The Vedas deal mostly with
fruitive activities to gradually elevate the general public from the field of
sense gratification to a position on the transcendental plane. Arjuna, as a student and friend of Lord Kṛṣṇa, is advised to raise himself to the
transcendental position of Vedānta
philosophy where, in the beginning, there is brahma-jijñāsā, or questions on the Supreme Transcendence.
All the living entities who are in the material world are struggling very hard
for existence. For them the Lord, after creation of the material world, gave
the Vedic wisdom advising how to live and get rid of the material entanglement.
When the activities for sense gratification, namely the karma-kāṇḍa
chapter, are finished, then the chance for spiritual realization is offered in
the form of the Upaniṣads, which are part of different Vedas, as the Bhagavad-gītā is a part of the fifth Veda, namely the Mahābhārata. The Upaniṣads mark the
beginning of transcendental life.
As long as the material body exists, there
are actions and reactions in the material modes. One has to learn tolerance in
the face of dualities such as happiness and distress, or cold and warmth, and
by tolerating such dualities become free from anxieties regarding gain and
loss. This transcendental position is achieved in full Kṛṣṇa consciousness when one is fully dependant on
the good will of Kṛṣṇa
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